Research on the subject matter is thriving, and is rich with valuable insights and anecdotes. When do disarmament, demobilisation reintegration programmes. Disarmament entails the physical removal of the means of combat from exbelligerents weapons, ammunition, etc. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr is a critical element of post conflict peace building pcpb. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration clingendael. Of course, there can be no substitute for national leadership and the political commitment of. Spear 2002 emphasizes the importance of dissolving armed factions. By massimo fusato july 2003 disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration ddr of excombatants is a first step in the transition from war to peace. Fresh insights on disarmament, demobilization and reintegration. The national committee for disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ncddr was created in september 1998 with the daunting task of restoring peace in sierra leone, a country just emerging.
Rethinking disarmament, demobilization and reintegration programs. Compliance with privacy regulations requires us to obtain your consent to do this. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple faq for additional information. Assisting former combatants to reintegrate into civilian life. Successful disarmament, demobilization and reintegration for. Assessing the outcomes of the weapons collection, disarmament. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr programs. Evaluations of ddr programming identify reintegration as the most challenging aspect of the process. In this context the disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration of ex combatants is.
Nextgeneration disarmament, demobilization and reintegration. The transition to a new central government is a fluctuating work in progress. For the full text of precious resources, please visit. The resource unit leader assists the demobilization unit leader in determining total resources assigned, home units, length of assignment, and travel needs.
National commision for demobilization and reintegration. Demilitarization can be used in times of peace as well, to reduce the size of armed forces and redistribute public spending. Ian douglas, colin gleichmann, michael odenwald, kees steenken, adrian wilkinson. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration united. What is disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr. When do disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration. Despite the logistical challenges of disarmament and demobilization, reintegrationthe acquisition of civilian status and sustainable employment and incomeis considered the most difficult phase of any ddr process. Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration programs. When do disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration programmes succeed.
Indeed, secondgeneration ddr advocates have emphasized the importance of reinsertion and reintegration, as opposed to disarmament or demobilization, as a constructive point of. Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration of ex. Originally presented at state reconstruction and international engagement in afghanistan, 30 may 1 june 2003, london school of economics and political science and university of bonn. Pdf women and girls and disarmament, demobilization and. In general, the most controversial measures in early documents called for inventories. The checklist focuses on practical ways in which women. Multicountry demobilisation and reintegration programme. A practical overview peace operations training institute x.
They comprise various conflict managementresolution tools such as quick impact projects, disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr, security sector reform ssr, reconciliation, elections, etc. In the same year, 30,000 combatants from the south african forces and,000 combatants from the peoples liberation army of namibia were demobilised in namibia kingma 1997, 3. Click here to access the ddr compendium click here to access the au ddr resource and research centre web platform in february 2012, the african union commission, through the peace and security department psd, initiated the disarmament, demobilization and reintegration capacity program ddrcp by holding a consultation seminar on ddr with the regional economic. Armed groups a group that has the potential to employ arms in the use of force to achieve political, ideological or economic objectives, is not within the formal military. Ioms notable contributions to disarmament, demobilization and. Recommendations for change 2 foreword actionaid is deeply concerned about the security situation in haiti and. The disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr of former combatants plays an important role in providing an appropriate environments for development, especially in post conflict countries. Integrated disarmament, demobilization and reintegration standards. Socioeconomic reintegration strategies for young excombatants. Rethinking disarmament, demobilization and reintegration. South sudan disarmament, demobilization and reintegration commission ssddrc and. The process of disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration ddr of former combatants features in most of africas postconflict reconstruction programs. The peace agreement leadingup from ceasefire agreement after the end of conflict situations is not sufficient enough to prevent.
It is clear that ddr has become part and parcel of peace processes and peacekeeping operations. The disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr process for excombatants has become a mainstream procedure in postconflict stabilisation programmes proposed by governments and. Disarmament demobilization and reintegration ddr african. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr minusma. The steps of disarmament are 1 a weapons survey, 2 weapons collection, 3 weapons storage, 4 weapons destruction and 5 weapons reutilisation. Next generation disarmament, demobilization and reintegration the process of disarming, demobilizing and reintegrating exsoldiers at conflicts end is as old as war itself. Reintegration is the process by which excombatants acquire civilian status and gain sustainable employment and income. Operational guide to the integrated disarmament, demobilization.
Demobilization unit leader develops the specific, individual plan document and outline of the process. Next generation disarmament, demobilization and reintegration. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration standards. Meanwhile, it remains unclear as to what extent insights derived from case. The coevolution of concepts, practices, and understanding. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration is the process of. An institute for security studies iss paper calls it the achilles heel of ddr pdf. The disarmament, demobilization and reintegration process in afghanistan conference item paper original citation. The lessons learned unit of the department of peacekeeping operations conducted its study of united nations experiences in disarmament, demobilization and reintegration in a peacekeeping environment with the aim of providing a coherent framework of. Peace operations can include peacemaking, peacekeeping and peacebuilding.
Disarmament and demobilization entail the shortterm processes of separating combatants from their weapons. Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration ddr. Reintegration is a much longerterm process with the goal of ensuring permanent disarmament and sustainable peace. Demobilization and reintegration in central america bonn. Nov 21, 2017 the interagency working group iawg on disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr of excombatants held a workshop in stockholm, from 17 to 19 october 2017 on the revision of the integrated ddr standards iddrs. Demobilization and reintegration columbia university.
Individual reintegration project component 2009 2012 ghebremedhin haile. United nations development programme undp final evaluation of. Disarmament and demobilization entail the shortterm processes. Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration programme. Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration ddr in africa. An overview article pdf available in african security 11. This checklist is therefore intended to assist planners in designing and implementing both gendersensitive shortterm goals, and to assist in envisioning futureoriented longterm peace support measures. Sep, 2017 click here to access the ddr compendium click here to access the au ddr resource and research centre web platform in february 2012, the african union commission, through the peace and security department psd, initiated the disarmament, demobilization and reintegration capacity program ddrcp by holding a consultation seminar on ddr with the regional economic communities recs and. Experience shows that excombatants need social and economic incentives to permanently lay down their weapons.
Continued existence of an estimated 53,000 militia constrains state building and sets the requirement for disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr. Through a process of removing weapons from the hands of members. Ddr also supports development by reducing the size of. When you like a job or follow a category, we save this information in your account. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration in aceh. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration officer, sanaa at. The disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration ddr of former fighters is a wellestablished feature of the peace and security architecture. It is expected to contribute to security and development by helping excombatants return to civilian life. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration wikipedia. Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration ddr in. United nations peace operations are the leading international partner of national institutions implementing disarmament, demobilization and reintegration initiatives, designing contextspecific programmes for members of armed groups. In 1989, the united nations observer group in central america conducted a voluntary disarmament and demobilisation programme in nicaragua.
Claims that ddr in sierra leone was a peopledriven programme is invalid. South sudan disarmament, demobilization and reintegration. Gender and disarmament, demobilization and reintegration. Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration and postconflict peacebuilding in africa. Reintegration itself has two phasesinitial reinsertion and longterm reintegration. Identifies continuing needs for operational resources and those that. If excombatants are not properly disarmed, demobilized and integrated, they can retain arms for banditry, destabilization and insurrection. I have just modified one external link on disarmament, demobilization and reintegration. Gaps and trends in disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration programs of the united nations tobias pietz demobilizing combatants is the single most important factor determining the success of peace operations. Upon the official transfer of power, all mujahidin. Oct 14, 2015 peace operations can include peacemaking, peacekeeping and peacebuilding. The end of the cold war was a contributing factor to the end of many intrastate conflicts in latin. Pdf disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration and post.
These have, in turn, impacted upon their dependents and wider communities. Gaps and trends in disarmament, demobilization, and. Programs for the disarmament, demobilization,and reintegration ddr of excombatants have become more common as an element in the peacebuilders toolkit. For decades, national and international actors have used programs for disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr of combatants as standardized key elements of peace operations, with the aim of controlling violence and avoiding the resurgence of armed conflict. Multicountry demobilization and reintegration program. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration, and gender.
Reintegration initiatives are longterm processes which must take place on three levels. The role of natural resources in disarmament, demobilization. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration compendium of projects 20102017 xi definitions1 armed forces the military organization of a state with a legal basis and supporting institutional infrastructure. The first stage of demobilization may extend from the processing. Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration slide 3. The note presents research findings on fundamental issues effects of ddr, the interaction between ddr programmes and postwar politics, organisational issues sequencing, pro. Demobilization is the formal and controlled discharge of active combatants from armed forces and groups, including a phase of reinsertion which provides shortterm assistance to excombatants. Peace requires breaking the command and control structures operating. In sudan, ddr is a key provision of the comprehensive peace agreement cpa.
Genderaware disarmament, demobilization and reintegration. This report discusses how the natural resources sector can be an important catalyst in the immediate aftermath of. Failure to complete demobilization and reintegration, and failure to make reintegration sustainable, can jeopardize peace as excombatants may resort to violence as a familiar way of making a living. A minimum of seven years of progressively responsible experience in international affairs such as peacekeeping, peacebuilding or development programmes operations in the field with specific focus on disarmament, demobilization, reintegration, small arms control, conflictpostconflict crisis management, economic recovery or related area is. Disarmament demobilisation and reintegration reliefweb. Without demobilization, civil wars cannot be brought to an end and.
Dozens of ddr activities have taken place since the 1990s. However, the project was interrupted from time to time, and the baseline study reveals that even if the security situation improved in the last 8 months, it is still very fragile and there is little information shared with the population around ddrr disarmament, demobilization, reintegration and. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr unamid. What is the abbreviation for disarmament, demobilization and reintegration. The interagency working group iawg on disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr of excombatants held a workshop in stockholm, from 17 to 19 october 2017 on the revision of the integrated ddr standards iddrs. These countries used the fledgling concept of disarmament, demobilization. However, ddr is much more complicated in a postconflict environment, when different fighting groups are divided by. Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration the institute. The process of disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr of former combatants plays a. Demilitarizing official and unofficial armed groups by controlling and reducing the possession and use of arms, disbanding nonstate armed groups, and reducing the size of state security services, and. Ddr abbreviation stands for disarmament, demobilization and reintegration. Reinsertion refers to the shortterm arrival period of an excombatant into hisher former home or a new community. Disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration in sierra leone. Launched in october 2016, the iddrs provide guidance for ddr activities in the field.
885 458 1131 127 481 729 108 986 381 751 873 728 50 1318 6 371 1214 53 123 1091 1131 740 1194 1335 1058 450 200 197 1163 4 1028 782 149 988 190 1452 1468 119 142 709